Abstract: Talanoaina galuega a surfactants, pei o le susu, faʻasalalauina, emulsifying, solubilizing, foaming, defoaming, fufuluina ma le faʻaleagaina o isi mea, faʻalauiloaina le faʻavasegaina o surfactants, ma le faʻalauiloaina o le tele o taimi e masani ai ona faʻaaogaina luga Agent. Ma le matafaioi i mea teuteu, vailaʻau fualaʻau, vailaʻau, meaʻai. O le atinaʻe tulaga o surfactants o loʻo faʻamatalaina.

1. Faʻavasegaina o surfactants

E tele auala e faʻavasega ai surfactants, lea e faʻavasegaina e tusa ma le mafuaʻaga o surfactants. Surfactants e masani ona vaevaeina i ni vaega se tolu: syntactive surfactants, natural surfactants ma biological surfactants.

Surfactants mafai ona vaevaeina i ni vaega se fa: anionic, cationic, zwitterionic ma nonionic e tusa ai ma le ituaiga o ions fausiaina e le hydrophilic kulupu. E masani ona faʻaaogaina surfactants, o lona hydrophobic base o se vaega o le hydrocarbon, e mafai foi ona iai ni elemeni e pei o le okesene, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, bromine, ma iodine i le molemole, ma e taʻua o hydrocarbon surfactants poʻo surfactants masani. Surfactants o loʻo iai le fluorine, silicon, phosphorus ma boron e taʻua o surfactants faʻapitoa. O le folasaga o fluorine, silicon, phosphorus, boron ma isi elemeni e maua ai surfactants sili atu ona tulaga ese ma sili ona lelei gaioiga. Fluorine-o loʻo iai surfactants o se tasi o sili taua ituaiga o faʻapitoa surfactants.

2. O le autu a matafaioi o surfactants

(1) Emulsification: Ona o le maualuga luga feteʻenaʻi o le suauʻu i totonu o le vai, pe a le suauʻu le suauʻu i totonu o le vai, faʻagaeetia malosi, o le suauʻu tuʻimomomoina i lopa lelei ma palu i totonu o se emulsion, ae o le faʻagaeʻetia taofi ma toe- faaputuga. Afai e te faʻaopopoina se surfactant ma faʻaoso malosi, o le a le faigofie ona vavaeʻese mo se taimi umi pe a uma le taofi, o le emulsification lea. O le mafuaʻaga o le hydrophobicity o le suauʻu e faʻataʻamilomiloina e le vaega hydrophilic o le sooupu malosi, fausiaina o se faʻatosina faatosina, faʻaititia le galuega manaʻomia mo le suauʻu faʻasalalauina i le vai, ma faʻamamaina lelei le suauʻu. Ia

(2) Wetting aafiaga: E masani ona i ai se vaega o gaʻo, gaʻo poʻo mea paʻu faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi luga o le vaega, o hydrophobic. Ona o le faʻaleagaina o nei vailaʻau, o le pito i luga o vaega e le faigofie ona susu i le vai. Pe a faʻaopopo surfactants i le vai vaʻavaʻa, o le vai mataua i luga o vaega e faigofie ona faʻasalalauina, lea e matua faʻaititia ai le feteʻenaʻi o vaega ma maua ai le faʻamoemoe o le susu. Ia

(3) Solubilization: gaʻoa mea mafai ona "faʻamamaina" pe a maeʻa ona faʻaopopo surfactants, ae o lenei faʻamavaeina mafai faʻatoa tupu pe a oʻo i le faʻasalaga o le surfactant ua oʻo i le ogaoga o le colloid. O le solubility e faʻavae i luga o le solubilization mea ma E faʻamoemoe i le natura. I le tulaga o le solubilization, o le umi hydrophobic gene hydrocarbon filifili e sili atu le malosi nai lo le puʻupuʻu hydrocarbon filifili, o le saturated hydrocarbon filifili e sili atu le malosi nai lo unsaturated hydrocarbon filifili, ma o le solubilization aafiaga o nonionic surfactants e masani ona sili atu lona taua. Ia

(4) Faʻasalalauina aʻafiaga: o vaega mautu e pei o le efuefu ma palapala palapala e faigofie lava ona faʻaputuputu faʻatasi, ma e faigofie ona faʻamautu i totonu o le vai. O molelaʻau o le surfactants mafai ona vaevaeina le mautu vaega faʻaputuputuga i vaega lelei, lea e faʻasalalauina ma taofia i le fofo. Fai se sao i le faʻalauiloaina o le toniga faʻataʻapeʻapeina o mautu vaega. (5) Foam aafiaga: O le faʻavaeina o le foam e tele lava o le faʻatonutonu adsorption o le sooupu sooupu, lea e mafua mai i le faʻaitiitia o le luga feteʻenaʻi i le va o kesi ma suavai vaega. E masani lava, o le maualalo-molemoa-mamafa galue sooupu e faigofie ona foam, maualuga-molemole-mamafa galue sooupu maua itiiti foam, myristic acid samasama o le maualuga foaming meatotino, ma sodium stearate maua sili leaga foaming meatotino. Anionic gaioiga sooupu sili atu foaming meatotino ma foam tulaga mautu nai lo non-ionic mea. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate e i ai ni ana mea totino malosi. O mea e masani ona faʻaaoga e faʻamalosia ai le foam e aofia ai amides ava lapopoʻa, carboxymethyl cellulose, ma isi mea, ma foam inhibitors e aofia ai fatty acid, fatty acid esters, polyethers, ma isi ma isi nonionic surfactants.

3 Faʻaaogaga o Surfactant

O le faʻaogaina o surfactants mafai ona vaevaeina i le va o tagata ma alamanuia apalai. E tusa ai ma faʻamaumauga, lua-vaetolu o tagata lautele surfactants o loʻo faʻaaogaina i a oe lava puipuiga oloa; vailaau faʻamama o se tasi o sili ona tele tagata faʻatau maketi mo surfactants. O oloa e aofia ai le fufuluina o pauta, vailaʻau suavai, vailaʻau fufulua fufulua ma isi mea e gaosia e le aiga O le faʻamamaina o oloa ma mea e puipuia ai oe lava e pei o le: shampoo, conditioner, hair cream, hair gel, kulimi, toner, o le faʻamama o foliga, ma isi mea o loʻo avea ma surfactants o loʻo avea ma surfactants o loʻo faʻaaogaina i isi matata eseese nai lo surfactants lautele. O lona aoga fanua aofia ai ie alamanuia, uamea alamanuia, vali, vali, pigment alamanuia, palasitika resin alamanuia, meaai alamanuia, pepa alamanuia, paʻu Alamanuia, suauʻu suʻesuʻe, fale mea alamanuia, maina alamanuia, malosiaga alamanuia, ma isi E tele vaega o loʻo faʻamatalaina i lalo .

3.1.1 Surfactant i foliga teuteu

Surfactants e lautele faʻaaogaina i eseese cosmetics pei emulsifiers, penetrants, detergents, softeners, wetting agents, bactericides, dispersants, solubilizers, antistatic agents, hair dyes, ma isi Non-ionic surfactants e masani ona faʻaaogaina i cosmetics aua latou te le faʻaitaitagofie ma e faigofie fetaui ma isi vaega. E masani lava, o latou gaʻo gaʻo eseteti ma polyethers.

3.1.2 O manaʻoga o teuga foliga mo surfactants

O le tuʻufaʻatasiga o teuteuga teuteu e eseʻese ma faigata. I se faʻaopopoga i le suauʻu ma le suavai, o loʻo i ai foʻi isi surfactants aoga, faʻasao, mea manogi ma pigment, ma isi mea e aofia ai i le tele o vaega o le faʻataʻapeʻapeina polokalama. Faʻatasi ai ma le tele ma sili atu teuteu foliga ma gaioiga manaʻoga, o le 'eseʻese o surfactants faʻaaogaina i teuteuga o loʻo faʻateleina foi. Surfactants faʻaaogaina i cosmetics tatau ona leai se faʻaitagofie paʻu, leai ni 'aʻafiaga itu aafiaga, ma faʻamalieina foi le manaʻoga o colorlessness, leai se manogi leaga ma maualuga mautu.

3.2 Faʻaogaina o surfactants i detergents

Surfactants maua lelei faʻamamaina ma disinfection gaioiga, ma ua leva ona avea ma sili ona taua vaega o le faʻamamaina o oloa. O le Surfactant o le vaega autu lea o le vailaau faʻamama. E fesoʻotaʻi ma palapala ma le va o palapala ma eleele mautu (pei o le susū, faʻapipiʻiina, faʻamalosia, solubilizing, faʻasalalauina, foaming, ma isi) ma le faʻaaogaina o le faʻaosoina o masini e maua ai le fufuluina aafiaga. O le sili ona lautele faʻaaogaina ma sili ona faʻaaogaina o anionic ma nonionic surfactants. Cationic ma amphoteric surfactants e faʻaogaina i le gaosiaina o nisi faʻapitoa ituaiga ma galuega o detergents. O ituaiga autu o LAS (e faʻasino i le alkyl benzene sulfonate), AES (fatty alkohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate), MES (α-sulfonic acid fatty acid salt), AOS (α-alkenyl sulfonate), Alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid diethanolamine, amino acid ituaiga, betaine ituaiga, ma isi

3.3 Faʻaogaina o surfactants i le alamanuia taumafa

3.3.1 Emulsifiers o meaʻai ma mea faʻapipiʻi O le mea taua a le surfactants i totonu o le meaʻai meaʻai o le avea o ni emulsifiers ma mafiafia. Phospholipids o le sili ona masani ona faʻaaogaina emulsifiers ma stabilizers. I le faʻaopopoga i phospholipids, emulsifiers masani faʻaaogaina o fatty acid glycerides S, e tele lava i le monoglyceride T, fatty acid sucrose esters, fatty acid sorbitan esters, fatty acid propylene glycol esters, soybean phospholipids, gum arabic, alginic acid, sodium caseinate, Gelatin ma fuamoa yolk ma isi mea ua vaevaeina ai Thmeders i ni vaega se lua: o le natura ma le chemically synthesized. Natura mafiafia faʻapipiʻi aofia ai masoa, gum arabic, guar gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, ma alginic acid faia mai laʻau ma limulimu. E i ai foi gelatin, kaseini ma le sodium caseatin na faia mai manu o loʻo i ai porotini ma laʻau. Ma le xanthan gum na faia mai i meaola ninii. O vailaʻau faʻatele e masani ona faʻaaoga o le sodium carboxymethyl cellulose: @ :, propylene glycol alginate, cellulose glycolic acid ma sodium polyacrylate, sodium starch glycolate, sodium starch phosphate, methyl cellulose ma polyacrylic acid Sodium ma isi.

3.3.2 Meaʻai faʻasao Rhamnose esters o loʻo i ai ni vailaʻau faʻamaʻi, antiviral ma anti-mycoplasma. E iai foʻi le faʻalaʻeiʻau a le au suamalie i le vaega o loʻo faʻatinoina i meaola ninii, aemaise siama e maua ai le Gram-positive.

3.3.3 Meaʻai faʻasalalauina, faʻafoliga o sooupu, ma isi. I le faʻaopopoga i le faʻaaogaina o emulsifiers ma mafiafia i le gaosiaina o meaʻai, e mafai foʻi ona faʻaaogaina le surfactants o ni dispersants, wetting agents, foaming agents, defoamers, crystallization control agents, Sterilize ma faʻafualoa taimi faʻasao o mea taumafa. . Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, faʻaopopoina 0.2-0.3% soy phospholipids pe a faʻamamaina le paʻu susu atoa e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili ai lona hydrophilicity ma le faʻasalalauina, ma e mafai ona faʻamamaina vave e aunoa ma le faʻaputuputuina i taimi o sauniuniga. A o faia keke ma aisa kulimi, faʻaopopo glycerol fatty acid ma le sukarosa gaʻo mafai ona i ai se foam aafiaga, lea e fesoasoani i le gaosia o le tele numera o puta. I le gaosiga o susu faʻapipiʻi ma soy oloa, faʻaopopoina glycerol fatty acid ei ai se faʻatamaiaʻiga aafiaga.

3.3.4 Faʻaogaina i le toʻesea mai ma le tuʻu eseʻesega o pigment, mea manogi vaega, biologically ola vaega ma faʻafefeteina oloa

I tausaga ua tuanaʻi, sa faʻaaogaina lautele foi surfactants i le aveʻesega ma le tuʻuʻeseʻeseina o mea masani i meaʻai pei o pigment, mea e faʻaoga ai le tofo, meaola olaola ma mea faʻafefeteina.

3.4 Faʻaogaina o surfactants i le matata o vailaʻau

Surfactants ei ai galuega o le susū, faʻamamaina, solubilizing, ma isi, o lea latou lautele faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau faʻatau atu, aemaise lava i le vailaʻau microemulsion tekonolosi na atiaʻe i talu ai nei tausaga. I fualaʻau faʻasaina, surfactants mafai ona faʻaaogaina vaega suia catalysts, lea e mafai ona suia le tikeri o le solness o ions, ma faʻateleina ai le reactivity o ions, faia le tali atu i se heterogeneous system, ma matua faʻaleleia atili le tali atu lelei. Surfactants e masani ona faʻaaogaina o solubilizers ma sensitizers i auiliiliga, aemaise lava i vailaʻau fluorescence spectroscopy. I le tulaga o le paʻu disinfection, manuʻa poʻo mucous membrane disinfection, mea faigaluega disinfection ma siosiomaga disinfection i luma o taotoga i le vailaʻau alamanuia, surfactants mafai malosi fegalegaleai ma siama biofilm polotini e denature pe leiloa a latou galuega tauave, ma e faʻaaogaina o siama ma disinfectants o loʻo faʻaaogaina tele.

4. O le atinaʻe tulaga o surfactants

O le atinaʻe taʻiala o surfactants o le a faʻaalia i mea nei:

4.1 Toe foi i le natura;

4.2 Sui vailaau matautia;

4.3 Fufulu ma faʻaaoga i le vevela o le potu;

4.4 Faʻaaoga i vai faigata e aunoa ma ni faʻaopoopoga;

4.5 Puipuiga o le siosiomaga e mafai ona togafitia lelei le faʻamaʻimau vai, otaota vai, pefu, ma isi Surfactants;

4.6 Surfactants e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili le faʻaogaina o minerale, suauʻu, ma gaosiga;

4.7 Faʻaseʻe eseʻese multifunctional;

4.8 Surfactants saunia mai alamanuia poʻo le taulaga faʻaleaoga faʻavae i bioengineering;

4.9 Faʻaaoga maualuga-lelei surfactant ma synergistic aafiaga gaosia e fausia tekinolosi.